Image-Guided Stereotactic Evacuation of Hematoma

Brain hemorrhages, particularly intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH), can be life-threatening and require timely intervention to prevent complications such as brain swelling, increased pressure, and neurological damage. Image-Guided Stereotactic Evacuation of Hematoma is an advanced, minimally invasive technique used to remove blood clots from the brain with greater precision and minimal disruption to surrounding brain tissue.

What is Image-Guided Stereotactic Evacuation of Hematoma?

Image-guided stereotactic hematoma evacuation is a minimally invasive neurosurgical procedure that uses advanced imaging technologies such as Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), or Fluoroscopy to guide the precise removal of a blood clot (hematoma) from the brain.

This technique is commonly used for:

• Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH): Spontaneous bleeding within the brain, often caused by high blood pressure or stroke.

• Subdural Hematoma: Bleeding between the brain and the skull, commonly resulting from head trauma.

• Hypertensive Hemorrhage: Bleeding due to chronic hypertension, typically affecting deep brain regions.

The goal of this procedure is to reduce brain pressure, prevent further neurological decline, and improve patient recovery while minimising surgical trauma.

Benefits of Image-Guided Stereotactic Hematoma Evacuation

• Minimally Invasive: Requires only a small incision, reducing surgical risks.

• Increased Precision: Imaging guidance ensures accurate targeting of the hematoma.

• Lower Risk of Brain Injury: Unlike open surgery, this technique preserves surrounding brain structures, reducing the risk of complications.

• Shorter Recovery Time: Patients experience less post-operative discomfort and faster rehabilitation compared to traditional surgery.

• Suitable for High-Risk Patients: Safer for elderly patients or those with other medical conditions who cannot undergo open surgery.

When is Stereotactic Hematoma Evacuation Recommended?

This procedure is considered when:

• The hematoma size is significant and causing increased pressure in the brain.

• The patient has neurological deterioration, such as worsening consciousness, weakness, or speech difficulties.

• The hematoma is located in a deep brain region where traditional surgery poses high risks.

• The patient is not a candidate for open surgery due to medical conditions.

In some cases, medication-based management is initially attempted, but if the hematoma does not resolve or worsens, surgical evacuation is required.

Diagnosis and Treatment Process

Diagnosis: A multidisciplinary approach is used to determine the best course of action. This includes:

• Medical History and Neurological Examination

• Imaging Studies (CT, MRI, Angiography)

• Blood Tests to Assess Coagulation and Underlying Conditions

Treatment Options Following Diagnosis: Once a hematoma is diagnosed, treatment options are tailored based on severity:

• Medication-Based Management: For small hematomas with no significant symptoms.

• Stereotactic Hematoma Evacuation: For deep-seated or moderate-sized hematomas causing pressure symptoms.

• Open Surgery (Craniotomy): For large, life-threatening hemorrhages requiring immediate decompression.

Conclusion

Image-guided stereotactic hematoma evacuation is a game-changing, minimally invasive procedure that offers precision, safety, and faster recovery for patients suffering from brain hemorrhages. By leveraging advanced imaging and targeted intervention, neurosurgeons can effectively remove blood clots while preserving brain function. Schedule a consultation with us today to learn more.