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What is MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) of the Spine? Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the spine is a non-invasive diagnostic tool that uses powerful magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the spinal cord, vertebrae, discs, and surrounding tissues. Unlike X-rays or CT scans, MRI does not involve radiation, making it a safer option for many patients. This technique is essential for diagnosing and monitoring a variety of spinal conditions, such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, tumours, and infections. Types of MRI for the Spine MRI of the spine can be tailored to focus on different regions, depending on the suspected condition. Common types include: Cervical Spine MRI: Focuses on the neck area, this type of MRI is often used to assess conditions such as herniated discs, nerve compression, or injuries in the cervical spine. Thoracic Spine MRI: Targets the mid-back region, commonly used for diagnosing issues such as tumours, fractures, or infections in the thoracic spine. Lumbar Spine MRI: Focuses on the lower back, this is the most frequently performed spinal MRI. It is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions like sciatica, herniated discs, and lumbar stenosis. Contrast-Enhanced MRI: In some cases, a contrast dye is injected to highlight specific areas, improving the detection of tumours, inflammation, or vascular issues. Benefits of MRI of the Spine MRI provides several advantages over other imaging techniques, making it a preferred diagnostic tool for many spinal conditions: Detailed Imaging:  Provides clear and comprehensive views of soft tissues, including nerves, discs, and ligaments. Non-Invasive and Radiation-Free:  Ensures patient safety, especially for individuals who require repeated imaging. Early Detection:  Identifies abnormalities in the early stages, such as small tumours or subtle nerve compressions. Comprehensive Diagnosis:  Enables the evaluation of multiple spinal components in one scan. Customised Imaging:  Different sequences can be used to focus on specific tissues or abnormalities. Symptoms and Conditions Diagnosed with MRI of the Spine MRI is invaluable in diagnosing a wide range of spinal conditions and evaluating symptoms such as: Chronic Back or Neck Pain:  Unexplained pain that persists despite conservative treatments. Nerve Symptoms:  Tingling, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs caused by conditions such as herniated discs or spinal stenosis. Spinal Deformities:  Conditions like scoliosis or kyphosis, which may require detailed imaging for surgical planning. Spinal Tumours or Infections:  MRI can identify abnormal growths or infections affecting the spine. Spinal Injuries:  Useful for assessing fractures, ligament damage, or spinal cord compression following trauma. Diagnosis and Imaging Process Diagnosis: MRI is usually recommended after a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider. Diagnostic steps may include: Medical History and Physical Examination:  To understand symptoms and identify the need for imaging. Referral for MRI:  Based on clinical suspicion of specific spinal conditions or injuries. Pre-MRI Preparation:  Patients may need to remove metallic objects, and in some cases, fasting may be required if contrast dye is used. Imaging Process: The MRI procedure involves the following steps: Positioning:  The patient lies on a movable table that slides into the MRI scanner. Imaging:  The scanner generates detailed images using magnetic fields and radio waves. Patients may need to remain still for optimal imaging quality. Duration:  An MRI of the spine typically takes 30–60 minutes, depending on the region being scanned and whether contrast dye is used. Post-Procedure:  Results are reviewed by a radiologist and shared with the referring healthcare provider for further management. Conclusion MRI of the spine is an invaluable diagnostic tool that offers detailed insights into spinal health, helping clinicians diagnose a wide range of conditions with accuracy and confidence. By providing clear images of soft tissues, nerves, and discs without the use of radiation, MRI ensures a safe and effective way to evaluate spinal concerns. If you are experiencing persistent back or neck pain, or other symptoms related to the spine, schedule a consultation with us today to discuss whether an MRI is right for you.

What is an X-ray of the Spine? An X-ray of the spine is a diagnostic imaging test that uses a small amount of radiation to capture detailed images of the bones in the spinal column. It is a quick and effective method to assess structural issues in the spine, such as fractures, misalignments, or degenerative changes. Spine X-rays are commonly used to diagnose a wide range of conditions affecting the cervical (neck), thoracic (mid-back), and lumbar (lower back) regions of the spine. Types of Spinal X-rays Spinal X-rays can focus on different regions of the spine, depending on the patient’s symptoms and the suspected condition. Common types include: Cervical Spine X-rays: These focus on the neck region and are often used to investigate neck pain, injuries, or nerve-related symptoms, such as tingling in the arms. Thoracic Spine X-rays: These are used to evaluate the mid-back area, typically for issues such as scoliosis, trauma, or degenerative diseases. Lumbar Spine X-rays: These capture the lower back and are frequently requested for patients experiencing lower back pain, sciatica, or suspected disc issues. Scoliosis X-rays: A special type of spinal X-ray used to assess spinal curvature in cases of scoliosis. These often include a full-length image of the spine. Benefits of Spinal X-rays Spinal X-rays offer several advantages as a diagnostic tool, including: Non-invasive:  X-rays provide a painless way to examine the spine without requiring surgery or other invasive procedures. Quick Results:  The imaging process takes only a few minutes, and results are often available quickly. Initial Assessment Tool:  X-rays are often the first imaging test used to evaluate back or neck pain before proceeding to more detailed scans, such as an MRI or CT. Widely Available:  X-ray technology is accessible in most healthcare facilities. Effective for Bone Assessments:  X-rays are particularly useful for identifying bone-related conditions, such as fractures, dislocations, or osteoarthritis. Symptoms and Conditions Diagnosed with Spinal X-rays Spinal X-rays are used to evaluate a variety of symptoms and conditions, including: Persistent Back or Neck Pain:  To identify potential causes such as fractures, spinal alignment issues, or degenerative changes. Injuries:  To assess for fractures or dislocations following trauma or accidents. Scoliosis or Kyphosis:  To evaluate abnormal spinal curvatures. Arthritis:  To detect signs of osteoarthritis or other degenerative conditions affecting the spine. Infections or Tumours:  Though less detailed than other imaging tests, X-rays can reveal abnormalities that may indicate infections or tumours. Spinal Instability:  To assess alignment and movement between vertebrae during specific positions. Diagnosis and Imaging Process Diagnosis: A thorough assessment of your symptoms and medical history will guide the decision to perform a spinal X-ray. The process typically involves: Consultation:  Your healthcare provider will review your symptoms, such as pain or stiffness, and recommend the appropriate region of the spine to image. Physical Examination:  A detailed examination may help identify specific areas of tenderness or restricted movement that need further evaluation. Imaging Process: The X-ray procedure is straightforward and generally includes the following steps: Preparation:  You may be asked to remove jewellery, glasses, or clothing with metal components to ensure clear images. Positioning:  The radiographer will guide you into specific positions, such as standing, lying down, or bending, to capture the necessary views of your spine. Imaging:  The X-ray machine emits a small dose of radiation to create images of the targeted spinal region. Multiple views may be taken for a comprehensive assessment. Results:  The images are reviewed by a radiologist, who will provide a report to your healthcare provider. Conclusion Spinal X-rays are a valuable diagnostic tool for assessing a wide range of conditions affecting the spine. They offer a quick, non-invasive method to identify structural issues, helping healthcare providers develop effective treatment plans. If you are experiencing persistent back or neck pain or have sustained an injury, a spinal X-ray may be an essential step in your diagnostic journey. Schedule a consultation with us today to learn more about how imaging can help identify and address your spinal health concerns.

What is Electrodiagnostic Testing? Electrodiagnostic testing is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function of the nerves and muscles in the body. It involves measuring the electrical activity of muscles and the speed and efficiency of nerve signals. This form of testing provides valuable insights into the health of the nervous system, helping to diagnose conditions that affect the nerves, muscles, or their connections. Commonly used for conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, or radiculopathy, electrodiagnostic testing is a key tool in neurology and musculoskeletal medicine. Types of Electrodiagnostic Testing There are two main types of electrodiagnostic testing, each offering unique benefits depending on the condition being evaluated: Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS): NCS measures how quickly and efficiently electrical signals travel through the nerves. Small electrodes are placed on the skin over the nerve being tested, and a mild electrical stimulus is applied. This test helps assess nerve damage or dysfunction, often used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar neuropathy, or other peripheral nerve issues. Electromyography (EMG): EMG evaluates the electrical activity in muscles, helping to detect abnormalities in muscle function. A fine needle electrode is inserted into the muscle, and electrical signals are recorded during rest and activity. EMG is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as radiculopathy, myopathy, or motor neuron disease. Benefits of Electrodiagnostic Testing Electrodiagnostic testing provides several advantages in diagnosing neuromuscular conditions, including: Accurate Diagnosis:  By directly measuring nerve and muscle function, it identifies specific areas and types of dysfunction. Early Detection:  It can reveal abnormalities before symptoms become severe, allowing for earlier intervention. Guides Treatment Plans:  Results help healthcare providers develop targeted treatment plans tailored to the patient’s condition. Minimally Invasive:  While slightly uncomfortable, the tests are generally well-tolerated and pose minimal risk to patients. Real-Time Results:  Data collected during the procedure provide immediate feedback to guide diagnosis and management. Symptoms and Conditions Evaluated with Electrodiagnostic Testing Electrodiagnostic testing is used to assess a range of conditions affecting nerves and muscles, including: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:  A common condition caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand. Radiculopathy:  Nerve root compression, often due to a herniated disc, causing pain, weakness, or numbness in the arms or legs. Peripheral Neuropathy:  Damage to the peripheral nerves, often associated with diabetes, causing pain, tingling, or weakness in the extremities. Muscle Disorders:  Conditions such as myopathy or muscular dystrophy that affect muscle strength and function. Motor Neuron Diseases:  Disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), affecting the nerves that control muscle movement. Diagnosis and Testing Process Diagnosis: A thorough evaluation is essential to determine whether electrodiagnostic testing is necessary. Steps include: Medical History and Physical Examination:  To assess symptoms and identify signs of nerve or muscle dysfunction. Clinical Assessment:  To rule out other conditions and determine the need for further testing. Testing Process: The process of electrodiagnostic testing involves the following steps: Preparation:  Patients may be asked to avoid lotions or creams on the skin before the procedure. The area being tested is cleaned to ensure accurate results. Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS):  Small electrodes are placed on the skin, and electrical impulses are used to measure nerve response and conduction speed. Electromyography (EMG):  A thin needle electrode is inserted into specific muscles to record electrical activity during rest and movement. Analysis and Results:  The data collected during the tests are analysed to determine the presence and extent of nerve or muscle abnormalities. Post-Test Care: Electrodiagnostic testing requires little to no recovery time. Patients may experience mild soreness at the needle insertion sites, which typically resolves quickly. Conclusion Electrodiagnostic testing is a valuable tool for diagnosing a variety of neuromuscular conditions, offering precise information about nerve and muscle function. With its ability to guide targeted treatment plans and facilitate early intervention, electrodiagnostic testing plays an important role in improving patient outcomes. If you are experiencing symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness, schedule a consultation with us today to determine if electrodiagnostic testing is right for you. Let us help you find answers and regain your quality of life.

What is Microdiscectomy? Microdiscectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure designed to treat herniated discs in the spine that are causing nerve compression. During the procedure, a small portion of the herniated disc pressing on the nerve root is removed, alleviating pain, numbness, and weakness. This technique is commonly performed on the lumbar spine (lower back), where herniated discs frequently occur. Microdiscectomy is an effective option for patients whose symptoms persist despite non-surgical treatments such as physiotherapy, medication, or lifestyle modifications. Types of Microdiscectomy The specific technique used in a microdiscectomy may vary depending on the location of the herniated disc and the surgeon’s approach. Common types include: Lumbar Microdiscectomy: The most common form of microdiscectomy, used to treat herniated discs in the lower back. This procedure alleviates sciatica and related leg pain caused by nerve root compression. Cervical Microdiscectomy: Performed for herniated discs in the neck region, this procedure targets nerve compression causing arm pain or numbness. Endoscopic-Assisted Microdiscectomy: This variation uses an endoscope for enhanced visualisation and requires smaller incisions, further reducing tissue disruption and recovery time. Benefits of Microdiscectomy Microdiscectomy offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, making it a popular choice for treating herniated discs: Minimally Invasive Approach:  The procedure involves smaller incisions, leading to less tissue damage and reduced postoperative pain. Faster Recovery Time:  Patients typically experience a quicker return to normal activities compared to traditional surgeries. Effective Pain Relief:  By removing the portion of the disc pressing on the nerve, the procedure provides immediate relief from radiating pain and neurological symptoms. Preservation of Spinal Stability:  Only the damaged portion of the disc is removed, leaving the overall structure of the spine intact. Lower Risk of Complications:  The minimally invasive nature of the surgery reduces risks such as infection and excessive blood loss. Symptoms and Conditions Treated with Microdiscectomy Microdiscectomy is most commonly used to address conditions that result in nerve compression and associated symptoms, including: Herniated or Bulging Discs:  Disc material that protrudes or leaks, pressing on nearby nerve roots and causing pain or numbness. Sciatica:  Pain that radiates down the leg, often due to nerve compression in the lumbar spine. Radiculopathy:  Nerve irritation or inflammation leading to pain, tingling, or weakness in the arms or legs. Spinal Stenosis:  Narrowing of the spinal canal, often caused by herniated discs, which compresses nerves. Diagnosis and Treatment Process Diagnosis: A thorough diagnostic evaluation is crucial to confirm the need for microdiscectomy and to rule out other conditions. Common steps include: Medical History and Physical Examination:  To assess symptoms, nerve function, and range of motion. Imaging Studies:  MRI or CT scans are typically used to identify the location and severity of the herniated disc. Nerve Function Tests:  Electromyography (EMG) may be conducted to evaluate the extent of nerve involvement. Treatment: The microdiscectomy process involves several stages, including: Preoperative Planning:  Detailed imaging is used to develop a precise surgical plan tailored to the patient’s condition. Surgical Procedure:  Through a small incision, the surgeon uses specialised instruments to remove the herniated portion of the disc, relieving pressure on the affected nerve. The use of a microscope or magnifying tools ensures precision during the procedure. Postoperative Care:  Patients are provided with a tailored rehabilitation plan, including physiotherapy exercises to improve strength and flexibility. Recovery is typically faster than with traditional surgeries. Conclusion Microdiscectomy is a highly effective and minimally invasive option for patients suffering from herniated discs and related symptoms such as sciatica or radiculopathy. By precisely removing the source of nerve compression, this procedure provides significant pain relief, quicker recovery, and improved quality of life. If you are experiencing persistent back or leg pain that has not responded to non-surgical treatments, schedule a consultation with our experienced team to explore whether microdiscectomy is the right solution for you.

What is Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS)? Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS) is a modern surgical technique that uses advanced tools and technologies to treat spinal conditions with less damage to surrounding tissues compared to traditional open surgery. By utilising smaller incisions and specialised instruments, MISS reduces recovery time, minimises pain, and lowers the risk of complications. This approach is commonly used for conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, and fractures. MISS is an effective option for patients requiring surgical intervention but seeking a less disruptive and quicker recovery experience. Types of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Minimally invasive spine surgery encompasses a range of procedures designed to address different spinal conditions. Common types include: Microdiscectomy: This procedure removes a portion of a herniated disc pressing on a nerve, alleviating pain and restoring function. It involves a small incision and the use of microscopic tools. Minimally Invasive Spinal Fusion: MISS techniques can be used to stabilise the spine by fusing two or more vertebrae. This is often performed for conditions such as degenerative disc disease or spinal instability. Laminectomy: In cases of spinal stenosis, a minimally invasive laminectomy removes the lamina (a part of the vertebra) to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty: These procedures treat compression fractures caused by osteoporosis by injecting bone cement into the vertebra to stabilise it and reduce pain. Disc Replacement Surgery: Artificial discs are implanted to replace damaged spinal discs, maintaining motion and alleviating pain without the need for fusion. Benefits of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery MISS offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, making it an appealing option for many patients: Smaller Incisions:  Reduced disruption to muscles and soft tissues, resulting in less pain and quicker recovery. Shorter Hospital Stays:  Many MISS procedures can be performed on an outpatient basis or require only a brief hospitalisation. Reduced Blood Loss:  Smaller incisions minimise bleeding during surgery. Lower Risk of Infection:  Less exposure during the procedure reduces the likelihood of infection. Faster Recovery:  Patients typically return to normal activities sooner compared to traditional open surgery. Preservation of Spinal Mobility:  Many MISS procedures, such as disc replacements, maintain or improve spinal motion. S ymptoms and Conditions Treated with Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery MISS is used to treat a variety of spinal conditions, including: Herniated or Bulging Discs:  Causing nerve compression and radiating pain. Spinal Stenosis:  Narrowing of the spinal canal that puts pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. Degenerative Disc Disease:  Chronic back or neck pain caused by age-related disc deterioration. Spondylolisthesis:  A condition where one vertebra slips forward over the one below it. Compression Fractures:  Commonly caused by osteoporosis, leading to instability and pain. Spinal Tumours:  Benign or malignant growths requiring surgical intervention. Diagnosis and Treatment Process Diagnosis: A thorough evaluation is necessary to determine if MISS is the right option. Diagnostic steps include: Medical History and Physical Examination:  To assess symptoms, mobility, and overall spinal health. Imaging Studies:  X-rays, MRI, or CT scans provide detailed views of the spine, pinpointing the exact location and nature of the problem. Nerve Function Tests:  Electromyography (EMG) may be used to evaluate nerve and muscle function in cases of nerve-related conditions. Treatment: The MISS process involves the following steps: Preoperative Planning:  Detailed imaging is used to create a precise surgical plan tailored to the patient’s anatomy and condition. Surgical Procedure:  Through small incisions, specialised instruments and sometimes a microscope or endoscope are used to perform the surgery with precision. Postoperative Care:  Tailored rehabilitation plans, including physical therapy, help patients regain strength, mobility, and function. Recovery is often quicker and less painful compared to traditional open surgery. Conclusion Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS) has revolutionised the treatment of spinal conditions by providing a safer, less invasive alternative to traditional open procedures. With smaller incisions, faster recovery times, and reduced risks, MISS offers patients a pathway to improved mobility and quality of life. If you are experiencing spinal issues and want to explore your treatment options, schedule a consultation with us today.

What is Laser Spine Surgery? Laser spine surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique that utilises focused laser energy to address specific spinal conditions. This advanced procedure is designed to reduce pain, improve mobility, and minimise recovery time compared to traditional open surgery. Laser spine surgery is often employed to treat conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, sciatica, and other issues that compress spinal nerves. Types of Laser Spine Surgery Laser spine surgery techniques vary depending on the condition being treated and the surgical goals. Common types include: Discectomy: A laser is used to remove a portion of a herniated or bulging disc that is pressing on spinal nerves, alleviating pain and restoring nerve function. Foraminotomy: This procedure involves enlarging the foramen, the small openings where nerve roots exit the spinal column, to relieve nerve compression and reduce associated symptoms. Laminotomy: In cases of spinal stenosis, a laser may be used to remove a small portion of the vertebral lamina, easing pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. Nerve Ablation: Laser energy is employed to target and destroy damaged nerve tissue, providing relief from chronic pain caused by nerve irritation or inflammation. Laser-Assisted Tumour Resection: For certain spinal tumours, lasers can be used to remove abnormal growths with precision, minimising damage to surrounding tissues. Benefits of Laser Spine Surgery Laser spine surgery offers several advantages compared to traditional open spinal surgery, including: Minimally Invasive Approach : Smaller incisions result in reduced tissue damage, less blood loss, and minimal scarring. Faster Recovery : Patients often experience quicker recovery times and can return to their daily activities sooner. Reduced Pain : Laser precision minimises trauma to surrounding tissues, leading to less postoperative discomfort. Lower Risk of Complications : The minimally invasive nature of the procedure reduces the risk of infections and other complications. Outpatient Procedure : Many laser spine surgeries can be performed on an outpatient basis, reducing hospital stays. Symptoms and Conditions Treated with Laser Spine Surgery Laser spine surgery is used to treat a variety of spinal conditions, including: Herniated or bulging discs causing back or neck pain and nerve compression. Spinal stenosis leading to chronic pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs. Sciatica, characterised by radiating pain along the sciatic nerve. Degenerative disc disease contributing to spinal instability and discomfort. Bone spurs or soft tissue growths compressing the spinal nerves. Diagnosis and Treatment Process Diagnosis: A comprehensive evaluation is essential to determine if laser spine surgery is the right treatment. Diagnostic steps may include: Medical History and Physical Examination : To assess symptoms and identify the source of pain or discomfort. Imaging Studies : X-rays, MRI, or CT scans provide detailed views of the spine, helping to pinpoint the affected area. Nerve Function Tests : Electromyography (EMG) may be conducted to evaluate the extent of nerve compression or damage. Treatment: The surgical process involves: Preoperative Planning : Detailed imaging and assessments guide the surgeon in targeting the affected area with laser precision. Laser-Assisted Surgery : The surgeon uses the laser to remove or reshape problematic tissue, alleviating pain and restoring function. Postoperative Care : Recovery plans, including physical therapy, are tailored to the patient’s condition, ensuring optimal healing and long-term success. Conclusion Laser spine surgery is a minimally invasive option that provides relief for various spinal conditions while reducing recovery times and improving outcomes. By combining advanced technology with skilled surgical expertise, this approach offers patients a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional open surgery. At Singapore Brain Spine Nerves Center, we are committed to providing personalised care and innovative solutions like laser spine surgery. If you are experiencing persistent back or neck pain, schedule a consultation with our team today. Let us help you regain your mobility and quality of life.

What is Plasma Nucleoplasty? Plasma nucleoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat herniated or bulging spinal discs that cause pain, numbness, or other neurological symptoms. The procedure involves using a specialised device to create a plasma field within the affected disc. This controlled energy reduces the pressure within the disc by removing a small amount of its nucleus, relieving nerve compression and alleviating pain. Plasma nucleoplasty is typically performed on an outpatient basis and is suitable for individuals who have not responded to conservative treatments. Types of Plasma Nucleoplasty Procedures Plasma nucleoplasty can be tailored to the patient's specific condition and the extent of disc damage. Common types include: Percutaneous Disc Decompression: This is the standard plasma nucleoplasty technique, where a thin probe is inserted into the affected disc to create a plasma field that reduces disc material and relieves pressure on surrounding nerves. Multi-Level Disc Treatment: For patients with symptoms caused by herniations in multiple discs, plasma nucleoplasty may be performed at more than one spinal level during the same procedure. Targeted Nerve Decompression: This approach focuses on reducing disc material in areas causing nerve root compression, which is particularly effective for conditions like sciatica or cervical radiculopathy. Combination Procedures: In some cases, plasma nucleoplasty may be combined with other minimally invasive techniques, such as epidural steroid injections, to optimise pain relief and improve outcomes. Benefits of Plasma Nucleoplasty Plasma nucleoplasty offers several advantages over traditional open disc surgery, including: Minimally Invasive Technique:  The procedure requires only a small incision, minimising tissue damage and reducing recovery time. Outpatient Procedure:  Most patients can return home on the same day, avoiding lengthy hospital stays. Reduced Pain and Quick Recovery:  The targeted nature of the treatment allows for faster pain relief and a quicker return to normal activities. Preservation of Spinal Stability:  Unlike some open surgeries, plasma nucleoplasty does not involve removing significant disc material, maintaining the spine’s structural integrity. Lower Risk of Complications:  The procedure reduces the risks associated with traditional surgeries, such as infection or extensive bleeding. Symptoms and Conditions Treated with Plasma Nucleoplasty Plasma nucleoplasty is used to treat a variety of conditions affecting the spine, including: Herniated or Bulging Discs:  Where disc material compresses nearby nerves, causing pain, numbness, or tingling. Sciatica:  Pain radiating down the leg caused by compression of the sciatic nerve. Cervical Radiculopathy:  Nerve compression in the neck causing pain and neurological symptoms in the arms or shoulders. Mild to Moderate Disc Degeneration:  Disc-related pain without significant spinal instability. Diagnosis and Treatment Process Diagnosis: A thorough evaluation is necessary to determine whether plasma nucleoplasty is the right treatment. Diagnostic steps include: Medical History and Physical Examination:  To assess symptoms, reflexes, and neurological function. Imaging Studies:  MRI or CT scans provide detailed views of the affected discs and help confirm the source of pain. Nerve Function Tests:  Electromyography (EMG) may be performed to evaluate nerve and muscle activity, especially in cases involving nerve root compression. Treatment: The plasma nucleoplasty procedure involves the following steps: Preoperative Planning:  Imaging and diagnostic results guide the placement of the probe within the affected disc. Minimally Invasive Procedure:  A small incision is made, and a thin probe is inserted into the disc using imaging guidance. A plasma field is created to remove a portion of the disc’s nucleus, reducing pressure and alleviating nerve compression. Postoperative Care:  Patients are monitored briefly after the procedure and typically return home the same day. A tailored rehabilitation plan may include light exercises and activity modifications to support recovery. Conclusion Plasma nucleoplasty provides a safe and effective solution for individuals suffering from disc-related back or neck pain. Its minimally invasive nature offers significant benefits, including quicker recovery, reduced pain, and minimal disruption to daily life. At Singapore Brain Spine Nerves Center, we specialise in advanced spinal treatments, including plasma nucleoplasty, to help you regain comfort and mobility. If you are exploring options for managing disc-related conditions, schedule a consultation with us today.

What is a Facet Block? A facet block, also known as a facet joint injection, is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat pain originating from the facet joints of the spine. These small joints connect the vertebrae, providing stability and flexibility to the spine. When the facet joints become inflamed or irritated due to conditions such as arthritis, injury, or degeneration, they can cause significant back or neck pain. A facet block involves injecting a small amount of anaesthetic and/or corticosteroid medication directly into the facet joint to reduce pain and inflammation. Facet blocks are often performed as both a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. They help confirm whether the facet joints are the source of pain while simultaneously providing relief. Types of Facet Blocks Facet blocks can be tailored to the specific location and purpose of the treatment. Common types include: Diagnostic Facet Block: This type of facet block is used to identify whether the pain is coming from the facet joints. The injection contains only a local anaesthetic, and if the pain relief is immediate, it confirms the facet joints as the pain source. Therapeutic Facet Block: Once the facet joints are confirmed as the pain source, a therapeutic facet block is administered. This involves injecting a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation and provide longer-lasting pain relief. Medial Branch Block: In some cases, pain relief can be achieved by targeting the medial branch nerves that transmit pain signals from the facet joints. This technique may be used prior to procedures such as radiofrequency ablation. Cervical, Thoracic, or Lumbar Facet Blocks: Facet blocks can be performed at different levels of the spine, depending on the location of the pain: Cervical Facet Block:  For pain in the neck. Thoracic Facet Block:  For pain in the mid-back. Lumbar Facet Block:  For pain in the lower back. Benefits of Facet Blocks Facet blocks provide several benefits for patients experiencing chronic back or neck pain, including: Targeted Pain Relief:  The injection directly addresses the inflamed or irritated joint, providing focused relief. Diagnostic Value:  It helps confirm the source of pain, allowing for more precise treatment planning. Reduced Inflammation:  Corticosteroids can decrease swelling and inflammation in the facet joints. Improved Mobility:  Pain relief allows patients to engage in physical therapy and daily activities with greater ease. Minimally Invasive:  Facet blocks are performed as outpatient procedures, involving minimal discomfort and downtime. Symptoms and Conditions Treated with Facet Blocks Facet blocks are used to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions affecting the facet joints, including: Facet Joint Arthritis:  Wear and tear of the joints leading to chronic pain and stiffness. Spinal Degeneration:  Age-related changes that irritate the facet joints. Injury or Trauma:  Pain from whiplash or other injuries involving the spine. Chronic Back or Neck Pain:  Pain that persists despite conservative treatments such as medication or physical therapy. Facet Syndrome:  A condition characterised by pain, stiffness, and limited motion caused by inflammation of the facet joints. Diagnosis and Treatment Process Diagnosis: A thorough evaluation is required to determine if a facet block is suitable for your condition. Diagnostic steps may include: Medical History and Physical Examination:  To assess symptoms, identify the source of pain, and evaluate the range of motion. Imaging Studies:  X-rays, MRI, or CT scans are often performed to visualise the spine and identify issues in the facet joints. Treatment: The facet block procedure involves the following steps: Preparation:  The area is cleaned and numbed with a local anaesthetic. Guided Injection:  Using fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray guidance), the doctor carefully places the needle into the targeted facet joint or medial branch nerve. Injection:  A small amount of anaesthetic and/or corticosteroid medication is injected to provide relief and reduce inflammation. Post-Procedure Care:  Patients are monitored briefly after the procedure and can usually return home the same day. Pain relief may be immediate in diagnostic injections or develop over days in therapeutic injections. Conclusion Facet blocks offer a minimally invasive option for diagnosing and managing chronic back or neck pain caused by inflamed or irritated facet joints. By delivering targeted pain relief and reducing inflammation, this procedure can help improve mobility and quality of life. If you are experiencing persistent back or neck pain, schedule a consultation with our experienced team today to learn more about your options for relief and recovery.